Process and apparatus for making carbon-black.



W. 0. SNELLING.

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING CARBON BLACK.

APPLICATION FILED ocT.14. I9I5.

Patented Jan. 30, 1917.

.. is deposited.

"rnoc'nss nA rares non manine cannon-apnea.

tienta.

nrecification of Letters Patent. Patented dimm.. 31H?, 191% Application le'dctober 11, 1915. Serial No. 55,751.

`To aZZ whom t may concern:

Be it known that 1.-WALTER SNLLING,

a citizen of the United States, and a' resi-'- dent of Pittsburgh,in the countyl of Alle# gheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful llmrovement in Processes andltpparatus for king Carbon-Black, of which the. following is a speci- `cationf.

My invention vrelates to the -vinanufacture vof carbonblack or lampblack, and has for its object to provide an improvedprocess and ap aratus for preparing this substance.

ore particularly, my invention aims to provide a v'novel and eective method) ofv cooling the surfaces upon which the carbon Carbon black is usually madeby ,projecting hydrocarbon dames,`eontaining an ex,- cess of unburned'carbo'nv,l upon smooth re- -ceiving surfaces from .whichthe deposited carbon is removed by means of sultable Scrapers. 'lFhe`1hyd'rdcarbons are" -decomposed l,by .the heat ofi theiama and the liberated A carbon becomes incandescent and ally-bums, unlessit is brought into contactv with relatively vcool surfaces. Therefore, in order to obtain'a .largeyield of car.-

' bon, it is desirable that .the receiving surfaces be cooled, so that the temperature of the flame may be quickly reduced below the' combustion point, 4'.lihe maximum amount of carbon is deposited when the flame is.

brought into contact with cold collecting surfaces asl quickly as possible after the .hydrocarbons are decomposed.- However, slnce water vapor-is one ofthe combustion'prodf ucts present in the dame, the receivln'g surfaces must not be' cooled sufficiently to condense water with the carbon.

According to my present invention, li make use of. carbon-collecting lsurfaces which arecooled tothe most efficient tem-A perature, that is to say, slightly above 100 C., and lt employ water as the cooling agent. lfmaintain suchsurfaces lat a constant and predetermined temperature, preferably .rust above 100 '0., by either dissolving suitable materials in the coolingwater, and thereby raising its boiling point; by utilizing super heated steam as the. cooling medium, or by making -the receiving .plates sutciently thlck' to retard the transfer of heat 4through them to the water andv to maintain la dierence of several degreesbetween the. .tem-

peratures on the carbon-receiving surface and on vsection and partly in ,elevation, `of a carbon black apparatus embodying my invention, and AFig.l 2 is a fragmentary view, similar to Fig, 1, showing part of a device equipped wlith a modified form of carbonereceiving p ate,

The apparatus shown in lFig. .1 vofV the drawing comprises a stationary plate 1, supported upon a suitable frameconsi'stingfcf vertical standards 2, united by horizontal beams, to-which .is attached an upper bearing member 1' for. a verticall tubular shaft 5. The lowerend of the shaft 5 is rotatably supported in a bearing 6 carried by a block 7, `which is provided with an'interior passage 8 communicating with the interior of the. tubular shaft 5 and with 'apipe 0, throughv which carbonaceous gas may be admittedto the apparatus. 'The shaft `5, near its lower end, carries a bevel gear wheel 10,- meshng with a bevel pinionll secured to a shaft 12, which is driven from any suitable source of-power (not shown) i Secured to the tubular shaft 5, adjacent `to the plate 1, is a burner consistingof one nates in a spout 20 for delivering the-powder into any suitable receptacle.

. p The plate 1 is provided with upturned edges, as shownat 21, and with a central collar '22 surrounding the shaft 5, and thus the surface in contact with the salt dissolved in water, the amount of the dissolved salt beingso proportionedthat the boiling point of the solution is between 102 Cv. and 105 C.; F or example, a saturated solution of sodium chlorid, boiling at .102 C., may be employed, or preferably, a solution of calcium chlorid, a 6% solution ofiy which boils at 101 C. A 20% solution boils at 105 C., while stronger solutions boil at correspondingly higher` temperatures. The liquid is maintained at a constant level, by.

water introduced through a pipev24 to compensate for loss by evaporation, and the strength of the solution therefore remains constant. .0 j

The. structure shown 1n F1g. 21s similar in most of its details to the apparatus shown in Fig. l, `and the correspondirlig n this modification, however, the plate 1 is parts are designated by like numerals.

made much thicker than the receiving plate in Fig. 1, its thickness depending upon the rate of heat conductivity of the metal composin it and upon the difference. which it is deslred to maintain between the upper and l lower surfaces of the plate. In this form v of device, water only is required -as the cooling agent.. The gas burners supplyl enough l heat to maintain the water at the boiling point, and although the temperature of the water cannot be raised above this point, the lowerasurface of the plate will-be several 'degrees higher in temperature', or in just the proper lcondition for the most efficient recovery of carbon, without condensation of moisture and consequent deterioration of the carbon. The supply of water is constantly renewed and maintained ata con- Astant level, asin the device shown in Fig. 1.

The mechanical details herein shown and described -form'no essential part of my invention, which broadly contemplates cooling carbon-receiving surfacesA by means of an aqueous fluid, without lowering their effective temperature .below 100 C.; It is there.- fore to be understood that my invention is not'restricted to lany special structural de'- tails or process steps, -butthat it i's limited only by the scope of the appended claims'.

clalm 'as my invention:

r1. Apparatus for making carbon black comprising means` for projecting a Icarbonaceous flame upon a carbon-collecting surface, and means lfor maintaining the said surface at a temperature slightly above 10() degrees centigra e.

2. Apparatus for making .carbon black comprising means lfor projecting a carbonaceous flame upon a carbon-collectingl Surface, and means for maintaining the said surface at a temperature above 100 degrees centigrade but below the' temperature of the flame.

3; Apparatus for making carbon black comprising means for projecting a carbonaceous flame upon a carbon-collecting Y member, and means for applying a cooling iinid to the said member, rthe said member being suficiently thick to maintain a substantial difference between the temperatures of its carbon-collecting and fluid-engaging surfaces.

4. Apparatus for making carbon black 'comprising means for projecting a carbonaceous flame upon a horizontal carboncollecting plate having upturned edges forming a receptacle for containin a coolin fluid, the said plate being suiiclently thic to maintain a substantial difference between the temperatures of its carbon-collecting and fluid-engaging surfaces.

The process of making amorphous soots that comprises projectinga luminous llame upon a surface maintained at a temperature slightly above 100 degrees centigrade.

6, The process of making amorphous soots that comprises projecting a luminous flame upon a fluid-cooled surface maintained above4 100 degrees centigrade. 7. The process of malnfng carbon. black that comprises projecting a carbonaceous flame upon agcarbon-collecting member and applying to the said member a coolin fluid having a boiling point above 100 egrees centigrade.

8. The process of making carbon black that comprlses projecting a carbonaceous flame upon acarbon-collecting member and applying. -to the said member an aqueous cooling Huid capable of maintaining the temperature of the said member ata temperature above 100 degrees centigrade.

9. The process of making carbon black vthat comprises projecting a carbonaceous flame upon a carbon-collecting member, and applying to the said member an aqueous cooling solution having a boiling point above 100 degrees centigrade. 10. The process of making carbon black that comprises projecting a carbonaceous flame uponl a carbon-collecting member, and applyingto the said member an aqueous cooling solutionl containing about 10 per cent. of calcium chlorid.

11. The process of makingcarbon black .that comprises rojecting a 'carbonaceous flame upon a cai` on-collecting member, applyingto the said 'member an aqueous cooling'. solution having a boiling 100 degrees centigrade, and adding water l tothe said solution to compensate for evaporation ofthe said solution.

V12.. The process of making carbon black oint above Lemme that comprises projecting s cerbonaceous n testimony whereof, have hereunto ame upon a. carbon-collecting member, apsubscribed my name this 6th day of @ctobei plying to the Seidl member en aqueous cool- 193115.

ing solution containing about lO'per cent.' WALTER 0. SNELLING. o? calcium chioifid, and maintaining the con- Witnesses: @entretien of the said solution by edng M. R.. MooWN,

Water thereto. i J. G.. mism., 

